James Russell Lowell was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on February 22, 1819.
He was a poet, critic, editor, and diplomat.
He was a member of the fireside poets, a group of New England writers who were among the first American poets that rivaled the popularity of British poets.
He was also a prominent abolitionist and a strong supporter of the Union during the Civil War.
He served as United States Minister to Spain from 1877 to 1880 and as United States Minister to England from 1880 to 1885.
He died in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on August 12, 1891.